EVIDENCE/IMPACT OF TOXIC MASCULINITY ON 21ST CENTURY

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1461444816681540

Simply more than swiping left: A critical analysis of toxic masculine performances on Tinder Nightmares

Aaron Hess, Carlos Flores

First Published December 4, 2016

Article Information

Volume: 20 issue: 3, page(s): 1085-1102

Article first published online: December 4, 2016; Issue published: March 1, 2018

EFFECTS OF TOXIC MASCULINITY IN 21^ST CENTURY

-          Tinder dating app displays and encourages hegemonic masculinity

-          Women are outnumbered 2 to 1 “earned a reputation for crude and “lascivious intentions” from men toward women (Hakala, 2015) or supporting a “misogynistic” culture (Sales, 2015).”

-          This article examines Tinder Nightmares, an Instagram page which “document[s] the lewd and perverted courtship attempts by men and the humorous and witty efforts women offer in response”

-          Roles and scripts are followed by people on dating websites and interactions on these sites become more performative (Ellison et al., 2006; Gibbs et al., 2011; Manning, 2014).

-          “arrangement which transforms an individual into a stage performer … being an object that can be looked at in the round and at length without offense, and looked to for engaging behavior, by persons in an ‘audience’ role” (Goffman, 1974: 124).

-          “Given that Tinder is perceived as a competitive space, men may feel pressured to engage in certain articulations of toxic masculinity that aid in establishing their power over women.”

Toxic masculinity as a barrier to mental health treatment in prison

Terry A. Kupers

First published: 24 February 2005

-          Prison settings magnify gender issues, particularly revolving around toxic masculinity as male prisoners exert control and power over others through aggressive competition and violence.

-          These toxic male proclivities foster resistance to psychotherapy and therefore impact the effectiveness of helping them

WHAT IS MY QUESTION?
= What is toxic masculinity and how can design be used to tackle the problem? 
=  How has design been used to allow and exacerbate toxic masculinity, and how can this be changed? 
= What is 21st century toxic masculinity and how has art been used to tackle the problem? 

- few articles and books on art and its impact on toxic masculinity.